Pakistan the hope land of South Asian Muslims came into being as an independent country on 14th of August,1947. The Muslims of the South Asia started their political struggle for independence just after the failure of armed struggle under last Mughal king Bahadur Shah zafer in 1857.
The colonial British imperialism regarded it mutiny against their rule in the Indian sub continent. The tutelage king was a Muslim, and his effort to liberate himself was declared by the British as mutiny. Though both Hindus and Muslims took part in this war to restore mughal rule but the British thought Muslims are the real culprits and their real enemies. So, they planned to promote the Hindus in every walk of life to cope the Muslim threat to their rule.
This policy of the colonial rulers proved fatal for the Muslims. So, in a very short span of time the Hindus became dominant in indigenous affairs of british India.
Now the muslims were the most ignorant community of the British India and Hindus were the apple of the eyes of the new rulers.
The main reason behind this policy was the mistrust and feeling of disloyalty from the Muslims. Infact the Muslims were deprived of their king and political power, so naturally they were against the new rule, this hate and mistrust was totally against the muslim interest , at this critical juncture of history a visionary named Sir. Syed Ahmed khan appeared at the horizon of India. He assessed the whole situation in it’s TRUE prospective and played a leading role to bridge the gap of mistrust and enmity prevailing after the Indian mutiny. Sir. Syed Ahmed Khan was an intellectual, historian, educationist and a reformer in his person.
He adopted a practical approach to rebuild cordial relations between the rulers and the Muslims. He started an education movement, the main purpose of this movement was to educate Muslims and make them the loyal and faithful citizens of the colonial rulers.
Sir. Syed made a model school, college and then the university to provide knowledge to Muslims and prepared them to participate in the affairs of state like Hindus. He preached Muslims to be faithful to the foreign rulers and compete Hindus in all walks of life
His total focus was on the Muslim education and loyalty with the British rule. According to him this was the most safe way for the muslims of India to exist and prosper.
In 1885 Indian National Congress, a political party was made by the rulers, its main object was to facilitate Indians in the state affairs. Sir. Syed with his God gifted ability and foresight guessed the British intention to introduce a controlled democracy in India. He forbade Muslims to join the Indian National Congress.
He also started a campaign to convince the rulers about the fatal results of Britain model democracy in British India. He aware the rulers about the consequences of majority is authority based democracy for India. According to Sir. Syed it will be a source of dissatisfaction for the muslims who are a politically, educationally and economically backward minority.
According to Sir. Syed Ahmed Khan this would be most unfit for a country having multi religious, linguistic, ethnic and cultural diversity.
The educated Muslims belonging to Muslim elite class almost followed the advise of Sir. Syed and refrained from the political activities of the Indian National Congress.
But soon a time came when the muslims realised the need of their own political party to fulfill their desire to get more facilities from the Govt. by political dialogue. So, they made All India Muslim league in 1906.
This proved a suitable forum of expression of Muslim demands for their safe and honourable future. With the passage of time the Indian National Congress which was a Hindu dominated party got momentum and attracted many Muslims for her anti imperialist stance.
These Muslims whole heartedly began to promote the slogan of Hindu Muslim unity to quit the British , Indian National Congress was pretending her the savior of Indians and sole representative of Indians irrespective of their religion, faith, cost and creed.
At that time the Muslim League was confined to the party of Muslim feudals and business elite having follower of Sir. Syed policy to refrain from lodging any campaign against British rule.
The dynamic leadership of Mohn Das Gandhi the indian national congress got sympathies of the Muslim Religious, middle and lower middle class to support the Turkish Caliph in the First World war, it made the Indain National Congress as a sole political party of Indians and Gandhi achieved the peak of popularity among the people of sub continent. who opened.
All freedom lovers began to join congress because of her unbiased posture she displayed during Caliph Movement. Though still Indian National Congress was a Hindu majority and dominated which was being financed by hindu Capitalist class, but her colorful slogans of freedom and unity were also attractive for Muslims. The colorful posture of Indian National Congress and her slogans were impressive for common people and also convincing for educated class.
A young Muslim Barrister Muhammad Ali Jinnah also fascinated by the Congress and join it, Soon jinnah became a popular leader of this party and his untiring efforts for Hindu Muslim unity gave him the title of ambassador of Hindu Muslim Unity. Now there came a point of difference between Muslims and Congress Party when a Committee was made by the British Govt. Of India to make the out lines of the future constitution of India under Moti Lal Nehru.
The report of this Committee was hopeless for the Muslims of the sub continent. Nehru declined all that was necessary for Muslim point of view to be equal beneficiaries with Hindus. This act of Congress leadership was a alkaram for Muslim leadership about the Congress future designs. Now Muslim intellectuals and political minded Muslims became to tilting towards Muslim League and process of revival of muslim politics at the platform of muslim league started. Now there were two political parties parallel for the freedom of India, the Muslim League insisted for separate election on communal basis for the safety of Muslims. Congress declined this just demand.
There came many ups and downs between the relationship of Hindu Muslim unity and the congress Muslim League political opinion.
